Johannes Gutenberg

Johannes Gutenberg Zur Laden zum Gensfleisch (around 1398 - February 3, 1468) is an intelligent creator of the German metal and which gained fame thanks to his contribution in the field of printing technology in 1450's, including letters of metal alloy (type metal) and oil-based ink , cast the right to print letters, and a new kind of printing press based on printer used in making wine.

Tradition as a creator named movable type in Europe, an improved printing system blocks that have been used in the region. By combining these elements in a production system, it allows for rapid printing of written materials, as well as the information explosion in Renaissance Europe.
Major work, the Gutenberg Bible (also known as the 42 line Bible), has been recognized to have an aesthetic and technical quality is high.


Background

Gutenberg was born in the city of Mainz, Germany, the youngest son of the merchant class Friele Gensfleisch zur Laden, from his second wife Else Wyrich. According to some reports Friele was a goldsmith for the bishop of Mainz, but most likely he is also a source of trade cloth penghasilannya.Tahun Gutenberg birth is not known exactly but most likely around 1398.

He received his initial training as a jeweler. In 1411, an uprising in Mainz, so he had to move to Strasbourg and stayed there for 20 years. In Strasbourg, he connects his life to make items made of metal. Gutenberg produces small decorative mirror for sale to the Christian Religious pilgrims. He then returned to Mainz and worked as a jeweler.


The most important idea that Gutenberg sparked when he worked as a goldsmith in Mainz. He got the idea to produce a letter of forgiveness to the form letter letterhead to print a letter of forgiveness to many that he got a lot of money to pay its debts when he first worked as a metal. At that time, books and letters of Latin script was written by hand and contains a lot of errors when copying, as well as its shortcomings but it is slow.


Therefore, Gutenberg letter the first time made reference to the use of lead metal to form the writing of Latin script. At first, Gutenberg was forced to make almost 300 fonts to mimic the shape of handwriting in the form of straight-continued. After that, the Gutenberg printing press made for those who move to print. Move printing machine Gutenberg is the largest donation. After perfecting the movement of the printing press, Gutenberg's printing thousands and thousands of letters of forgiveness is misused by the Catholic Church to get money. This misuse is the peak incidence of denials than some people like Martin Luther.


In 1452, Gutenberg borrowing money rather than Johann Fust to lead off the famous gospel printing project. However, the Gutenberg printing press had been fired from his management of the gospel before he was fully prepared because Gutenberg was accused of printing a letter of forgiveness, a calendar and an easy reading book as a pastime. However, produced the Gospel is still known as the Gutenberg Bible which contains 42 rows on each face of which was prepared August 15, 1456 and is regarded as the oldest printed book in the western world.


Two hundred volumes have been printed copy of the Gutenberg Bible, some small (approximately 50) are printed on the calf skin. Gospel Gutenberg beautiful and expensive it is sold at three years of regular salary of a coolie. The book was sold at the Frankfurt Book Fair in 1456. Roughly speaking, almost 1/4 Gutenberg Bible preserved until now.
In addition to being an expert in the field of printing, Gutenberg also create side printing materials like ink and used huruf.Tinta mold made from a mixture of oil, copper, and lead is still a nice color. Ink is another form rather than regular ink to write because the ink jet printing more and more sticky. Gutenberg also has perfected a mixture of the metal mold to form a joint letter with lead, antimony and tin are still used to the new century 20.
Gutenberg is also believed to work the task is to prepare the Encyclopedia Catholicon of Johannes de Janua, 748 pages thick with 2 rooms per page and 66 lines per one room. In his later years he was accepted as an accompaniment to the bishop of Mainz. Gutenberg died in 1468 and planted in the Franciscan church, Mainz.