Mustafa Kemal Attaturk ustafa known as the founding of the Republic of Turkey as well as the country's first president since the change in shape of the caliphate became a republic state. He served as president since 1923 until 1939. The name Ataturk (Father of Turks) given to him was enumerated by the Grand National Assembly in recognition of his services to establish the Republic of Turkey.
Biodata

Name
Mustafa Kemal Ataturk
Birth
Salonika / Thessaloniki, Greece March 12, 1881
Died
Istanbul Turkey 10 November 1938
Education
Military school Salonika and Monastir
Military Academy Istanbul
A brief history
Passed Akmil Istanbul (1905)
Form a secret society and the homeland of the free society (1906)
Achievements in the war against the Allied Gallipoli (1915)
Uniting the Turkish national movement against Greece and was elected president of the National Congress (1919)
Form the Republic of Turkey and was elected president (1923)
Start the reform program in the field of law, politics, and culture (1924)
Wearing the title Ataturk (1933)

Mustafa is the son of a petty official who switched professions as a timber merchant. At the age of 12 years, he entered military school in Salonika and Monastir, the center of anti-Turkish Greek and Slavic nationalism. In 1899 he then entered the Military Academy in Istanbul tan graduated with the rank of captain in January 1905. Mustafa then stationed in Syria, but he formed a secret group Fatherland and Free Society (1906). He was then reassigned in Salonika and is here joined by a joint committee and start the Advancement of Young Turk Revolution topple the ruling regime.

For his services in the battle against the Italians in Libya, Mustafa was promoted to Major in November 1911. He then led the Dardanelles defenses during the Balkan War (1912-1913), then move the task became military attache in Bulgaria. During World War I raging, Turkey sided with Germany and against the Allied countries. He achievement in battle Gallipoli (1915) with allied forces repulsed. Mustafa then move on assignment in Syria led the special forces before the 1918 ceasefire.

Month May 1919 the Greek army in the invasion of Izmir Anatolian Peninsula Coastal and committed genocide against the local population. Mustafa with the Turkish national movement rose to armed resistance. The group leader Mustafa faced two opponents at once, the first against the Ottoman Sultan who want to divide the territory of Turkey.

In 1920 the government's position declined due to approve the annexation of Istanbul the capital olehsekeutu with Sevres treaty signed which recognized Greek control over some parts of Turkey. Mustafa along nationalist movement then formed a rival government in Ankara in April 1920. He shared the nationalist movement finally won the war against the occupation of Greece and reclaim Izmir in September.

Turkish Empire finally ended November 1, 1922 and proclaimed the Turkish Republic on October 29, 1923 with Ataturk as its president. He immediately make massive changes in the fields of politics, culture and law in accordance with his ideals to form Turkey became a secular state. He has taken away the religious authority of the Sultan, dismissed all Islamic institutions, introducing laws, clothing and western calendar, using the Latin script, and delete the constitution which states that Islam as the state religion. Attaturk ideology known as the six principles of republicanism, nationalism, populisem (populist), staeisme (state) and revolusionisme secularism.