James Bond

James Bond 007 (better known as James Bond, Agent 007 or JB) is a fictional character created in 1953 by British author named Ian Fleming, who later appeared in twelve novels and two collections of short stories original version. The character is then used in a media franchise-selling and most successful film in the world to date, started in 1962 in Dr. No.
After Fleming's death in 1964, James Bond novel written by Kingsley Amis continued (as Robert Markham), John Pearson, John Gardner, Raymond Benson, Sebastian Faulks, and Jeffery Deaver. In addition, Christopher Wood menovelisasi two films to be novel, Charlie Higson wrote a story about the Young James Bond, and some other writers have the confidence to develop the story of non-official James Bond.


There are 22 films were released and are included in the series production of "official" EON Productions, the last and latest to date is Quantum of Solace is released on October 31, 2008 (for the UK). In addition to versions of EON, the other producers are also trying to develop the story of James Bond in several variations, namely the radio plays, comics and video games.
Production of films referred to as the EON Productions official film (official), having purchased the production rights by producer Harry Saltzman in the late 1950s.


History and inspiration

Commander Sir James Bond, KCMG, RNVR, was a secret British intelligence agent (Secret Intelligence Service, abbreviated as SIS, also known as MI6, or usually use a pseudonym Universal Exports). He was created in January 1952 by British journalist Ian Fleming while he was vacationing in Jamaica. James Bond's name is taken from a bird expert from the U.S., and also a bird watchers from the Caribbean.


Parents are Andrew Bond James Bond, a Scotsman, and Monique Delacroix from Canton de Vaud, Switzerland. Origin of the two mentioned in On Her Majesty's Secret Service. Fleming added elements of Scotland in the James Bond after Sean Connery look at the characters in Dr. No. While the character was added because of Ian Fleming Swiss still have Swiss blood. A plan, but failed to be realized, could think that Fleming wrote a Bond novel that tells about the origins of Bond's mother. In a fictional biography about 007, John Pearson gave Bond's birthday is on 11 November 1920 (Armistice Day). The initial part of the film For Your Eyes Only provide information that the wife of James Bond was born in 1943. And this assumes that James Bond was much younger than the Pearson explained. There are several other references to the age of James Bond. In You Only Live Twice, for example, Tiger Tanaka explains that James Bond was born in the "Year of the Rat" (1924/25 or possibly 1912/13). In the novel On Her Majesty's Secret Service, Bond family slogan is "Orbis non Sufficit" (en: "The World Is Not Enough" - id: "The world is not enough").


Sean Connery (pictured in 2008) was the first official James Bond actor.
After completing the manuscript for Casino Royale, Fleming then gave the manuscript to a friend, who later became editor of the original James Bond novel, the poet William Plomer to read it. Plomer liked it and then gave it to Jonathan Cape, which was initially not too happy with the character Fleming created. Cape finally decided to publish it in 1953 after getting a recommendation from Fleming's eldest brother, Peter, who also became a writer on various regions and places.


Some observers agree that James Bond seems to be the unofficial biography of Ian Fleming, where he was a seducer of women. Both Fleming and Bond is a graduate from the same school, have the same favorite foods (scrambled eggs and drinking coffee), have the same hobbies (drinking, smoking, and wearing short-sleeved shirt), and had worked in the Navy with the Commander level . They both also share the height, weight, hair style, eye color and the same. Most of the other observer explained that the appearance of James Bond is a depiction of Hoagy Carmichael. In Casino Royale, Vesper Lynd main female character states, "Bond is more reminded me of Hoagy Carmichael, but he is cold and ruthless." Furthermore, in Moonraker, a special employee of Gala Brand feels that "Bond is very, very special, more than a Hoagy Carmichael. It has a nice black hair, but with the appearance of a very cold eye like a murderer."


Novel and the like




Novels by Ian Fleming
Month of February 1952, Ian Fleming James Bond started writing. At that time he was serving as manager for Kemsley newspaper, which is the parent company of The Daily Express in London. Before accepting an offer managerial position, Fleming had filed one of the conditions, that is two months of vacation a year in the works contract. When he gets time berliburnya, he then chose Jamaica, where he finally found the inspiration to write James Bond. Between 1953 until his death in 1964, Fleming has written and released 12 novels and one short story (the other one was published after Fleming's death).
In his official biography, Ian Fleming admitted he had planned a career writing since I was on duty as a member of the British Navy intelligence unit during World War II occurred. Fleming then said to his companion:


"" I'm going to write a spy story would end the story as well as other eyes. " "


Novel by author Ian Fleming's post


After Ian Fleming died in 1964, a continuation James Bond novel written by Kingsley Amis (as Robert Markham) in the book, Colonel Sun. Although there are two versions of the book titled film novelisasi James Bond, The Spy Who Loved Me and Moonraker James Bond and written by screenwriter James Bond film at that time that Christopher Wood, James Bond novel writing was not continued until the 1980's.


John Gardner in 1981 resumed the writing of James Bond novel Licence Renewed with the title. He then wrote as many as 16 books until 1996 when he resigned for health reasons. Raymond Benson, author of a United States citizen, was elected successor to John Gardner in 1997. He wrote six novels, three film novelisasi, and three short stories to 2002.


In 2007, it was announced that Sebastian Faulks would write the next James Bond novel to commemorate 100 years of the birth of Ian Fleming. The book works Faulks James Bond novel entitled Devil May Care, published on May 27, 2008. After Faulks refused to write another novel James Bond, Ian Fleming Publications and other U.S. writers pointed to the previously well-known thanks to the novels of Jeffery Deaver thriller that in May 2010 to write a novel titled Carte Blanche, published on May 26, 2011. With this, Deaver became the second U.S. writer who had the honor to be a novelist Raymond Benson James Bond after.


While another story another story about James Bond, but with a groove and a different background that is James Bond as a teenager titled The Young Bond Series began the process in 2005 by Charlie Higson. From 2005 to 2008, wrote five novels Higson Young Bond. One of them is entitled SilverFin later re-released in graphic novel form in October 2008.


Adaptation






Version of the EON Productions


The late 1950s, EON Productions bought the copyright for every 007 novel was appointed to the big screen, except for Casino Royale (which can only be taken over in 1999 [33]). The first James Bond film adaptation of the novel first appeared in 1962 under the title Dr. No, starring Sean Connery as Agent 007. The next Connery plays a role in more than six films (including Never Say Never Again in 1983, although the original is not an EON production). After Connery, Bond actor George Lazenby followed by (a movie), Roger Moore (seven films), Timothy Dalton (two films), Pierce Brosnan (four films), and Daniel Craig (currently only two films). Until late 2008, there have been 22 films produced by EON. The 21 movie, Casino Royale, starring Daniel Craig, was released on 14 November 2006, with the launch in Asia and the Middle East. And it also makes the first James Bond film released in China, after the earlier films hardly ever be officially released in China.


James Bond film series are able to reap a profit to 4 billion dollars (2 billion pounds, or about 11 billion dollars when calculated excluding inflation) as a whole in various countries. 22nd film titled Quantum of Solace is released in the U.S. on October 31, 2008 could reap a profit of about 161 million dollars (about 103 million pounds), and this puts James Bond as the world's best-selling film in the Harry Potter, for now.


After the success of Quantum of Solace Daniel Craig James Bond will return to play for the third time in Skyfall. [39] Earlier in the month of April 2010, production was delayed for Skyfall 'time could not be determined "from MGM who were in financial trouble. Then on January 11, 2011, MGM which has been declared bankrupt and its assets and then rescued by Spyglass Entertainment and Sony Pictures has finally released a press release the contents of the James Bond film will be released exactly 23 on 9 November 2012, which also marks 50 years of film are James Bond on the big screen. The movie will again starring Daniel Craig as Agent 007, Sam Mendes as the director, as well as the scenario written by Neal Purvis, Robert Wade and John Logan.


Not the version of EON Productions


David Niven, James Bond one non-official.
In 1954, CBS television network paid to Ian Fleming for adapting Casino Royale as one particular episode in the series Climax! In the event that Barry Nelson played a CIA agent named Jimmy Bond, Clarence Lieter a British agent played by Michael Pate and Peter Lorre as Le Chiffre play.



1956, Bob Holness starred in a radio drama in South Africa with the title of Moonraker, making it the second actor to portray James Bond.
Referring to Andrew Pixley's notes in the soundtrack of Danger Man, Ian Fleming had berkolabolasi with Ralph Smart to bring James Bond into television, but failed, because Ralph Smart prefer to develop Danger Man with Patrick McGoohan.



In 1967, Casino Royale was then appointed to the big screen with stars David Niven as Sir James Bond 007 and Ursula Andress as Vesper Lynd. Fact the original, David Niven was Ian Fleming's first choice to portray James Bond, while Albert R. Broccoli prefer Sean Connery. David Niven is the only James Bond actor who is mentioned in two works of Fleming Bond novel. In On Her Majesty's Secret Service, Bond visits an exclusive ski resort and explained that David Niven is a ski resort is a regular visitor. While in You Only Live Twice Kissy Suzuki mentions the name Niven as the only man who would drive her around Hollywood. Ursula Andress also tersebutkan name in one of the text in the novel On Her Majesty's Secret Service as one person at the ski resort.


In a documentary made by BBC in 1973 titled Omnibus: The British Hero is filled by Christopher Cazenove, who plays several characters such as Richard Hannay and Bulldog Drummond, also contains dramatic scenes from the James Bond film Goldfinger and Diamonds Are Forever.


A legal agreement made Kevin McClory released the film remake of Thunderball titled Never Say Never Again in 1983. This film contains starring Sean Connery as Bond, but this film is not the official James Bond film, because it is not part of the production of EON Productions and United Artists, although this time the film rights are owned by the profits of the parent United Artists, the MGM. The film was released in October 1983, and led to two James Bond films on the market, when the official EON film, Octopussy is still circulating in cinemas worldwide. James Bond battles the two was then known as War Two James Bond - Sean Connery vs. Roger Moore.

Music


"James Bond Theme" was written by Monty Norman and first appeared with the John Barry Orchestra dikomposeri to film in 1962, Dr. No, beyond that, the copyright ownership of this theme song had been controversial for nearly four decades. Finally in 2001, Norman won a lawsuit worth £ 30,000 over the case of the UK newspaper The Sunday Times.



Barry also mengomposeri eleven other James Bond song, although his name does not appear in Dr. No, and even as the creator of "007 Theme", which is used in several Bond films, and became known as the main theme song in "On Her Majesty's Secret Service." Both the "James Bond Theme" and "On Her Majesty's Secret Service" was later used by several other popular artists, like Art of Noise, Moby, Paul Oakenfold, and Propellerheads. The Beatles also use some portion of the "Bond theme" in the early part of the song "Help" in the release for the U.S. version. A string quartet band from England / Australia also uses the name of the bond (written in small letters) for their song "Bond on Bond."



After John Barry, is currently writing songs followed by David Arnold Bond, after successive dikomposeri by Chris Minear and Corbin Ott and record producers like George Martin, Bill Conti, Michael Kamen, Marvin Hamlisch and Éric Serra. Arnold, too, who is currently writing songs for the film Bond 22, Quantum of Solace.



Some James Bond theme song sung by some famous singers of the world, including Tina Turner, Paul McCartney and Wings, Sheryl Crow and Chris Cornell, along with several other singers. Until now legendary British singer Shirley Bassey ever become a singer who sang the theme song for Bond, where he appeared in three films (Goldfinger, Diamonds Are Forever, and Moonraker). After Doctor No, On Her Majesty's Secret Service is the only James Bond film that uses the theme song instrumental, although the ballad Louis Armstrong titled "We Have All the Time in the World", which accompanies Bond and his wife, Tracy, referred to as a rather the official theme song for Bond. Bond theme song usually called or named the same as film. One of the biggest reasons given when Mr. Kiss Kiss Bang Bang for Thunderball are not titled the same as film. "Nobody Does It Better", the theme song for The Spy Who Loved Me, is the first Bond theme song is not titled the same as the film, although the phrase "The Spy Who Loved Me" appear in the lyrics of the song. The song was then featured in the opening and closing films. "Nobody Does It Better" and is also nominated in the category Academy Award for "Best Original Song" in 1977, but lost to the song "You Light Up My Life". Composer Marvin Hamlisch also entered into the "Oscar", but lost by the composer John Williams for Star Wars.


Another of James Bond theme song which was nominated for an Academy Award for "Best Song" is "Live and Let Die", written by Paul and Linda McCartney and sung by the band Wings. The song "For Your Eyes Only", written by Bill Conti and Michael Leeson and performed by Sheena Easton, also nominated for Academy Awards.
The only Bond theme song that managed to reach number one on the pop charts in the U.S. is "A View to a Kill" sung by Duran Duran.


The only singer, to date, which appears when opening film credit is Sheena Easton James Bond in For Your Eyes Only. The only singer who appeared as a character in the film, to date, is Madonna, who appeared (but not mentioned in the ending credits) as a fencing instructor Verity, as well as wrote and sang the theme song "Die Another Day".


Chris Cornell, who brought the song You Know My Name Casino Royale is the first male singer since a-ha is a singer Bond theme song in The Living Daylights in 1987.
The latest Bond theme song is "Another Way to Die", sung by Alicia Keys and Jack White in Quantum of Solace, James Bond theme song is the first in a duet. It also became the fourth Bond theme song is not titled the same as film.


In 1998, several songs from the John Barry in You Only Live Twice adapted into a hit song titled Millennium by producer and composer Guy Chambers for British singer Robbie Williams. In his video clip, Williams James Bond-style, and refers to several Bond films such as Thunderball and From Russia With Love. Filming the video clip was taken at Pinewood Studios, where the majority of Bond film shooting took place there.


In 2004, the Cavaliers Drum and Bugle Corps won the Drum Corps International contest World Championship with "007", using the James Bond music by David Arnold dikomposeri. The Cavaliers contributed to the film GoldenEye, Die Another Day ("Hovercraft Theme" and "Welcome to Cuba"), and Tomorrow Never Dies.


Culture shock

James Bond has a major influence on other media franchise, and often appear as parodies in other media. For example, The Austin Powers series by writer, comedian, and producer Mike Myers, and some parodies such as Johnny English (2003), Bons baisers de Hong Kong, OK Connery, the series "Our Man Flint" starring James Coburn as Derek Flint, the film serial "Matt Helm" starring Dean Martin, and Casino Royale (1967) is a proof that James Bond is very influential in the media franchise.