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| Hugo Chávez |
Hugo Chávez - Bolivarian Revolution Leader
As the leader of the Revolution Bolivar, Chávez mempromotori vision of socialist democracy, Latin American integration, and anti-imperialism. He also sharply criticized the neoliberal globalization and U.S. foreign policy. He was president since 1998. He is the son of a teacher and a graduate of the Military Academy. Chavez won an engineering degree in 1975 and he was a big fan of baseball. After being elected president in 1998, he experienced repeated shocks of government. He was threatened with death (2000).
But, she received a six-year term mandate for the year to undertake political reform. On 14 November 2001, President Hugo Chavez announced a series of measures aimed at stimulating economic growth including legislation enacted land reform that establishes how the government could take over the sleeping lands, private lands, and enacted a new Hydrocarbons Law promises flexible royalties for companies that mengiperasikan government-owned oil fields.
Economic policies are considered controversial, especially regarding the Law Reform of land ownership, including giving the government power to take over the enterprise-wide real estate companies and agricultural lands that are considered less productive to invite millions of people protested in the capital, Caracas (December 11 2001). In addition, Bolivar currency slumped 25% fall against the dollar after the government abolished exchange controls on money that has been retained five years.
Month of April 2002, about 150,000 people rallied, led by Carlos Ortega and Pedro Carmona, which aims to support the strike and oil protest. While at the same time, thousands of Chavez supporters around the palace, showed their loyalty to the democratically elected president is.
Unilaterally, the opposition, who launched the strike demo suddenly change the predefined route, turning to the palace so that the fears of clashes spurred protests from the mayor of Caracas on Carlos Ortega as the man who is considered responsible for the demonstrators carried.
Clashes also occurred between these two great masses, who tried lerai by security forces. But amid the clash, the sounds of gunfire was heard. It was obvious at a later date, from the documentation and collection of information, unknown snipers who were hiding there.
At that time, nearly 25% of the population of Venezuela has a gun. No exception with those who are in a big demonstration. The shots were directed by both the opposition and Chavez supporters who do not know anything, in the direction of gunfire from snipers. But the impressions delivered by a private television largely owned by the Chavez opposition parties, as suggested by Chavez supporters shooting with brutal opposition on the part of demonstrators.
The incident killed 10 people were killed and 110 wounded. President Chavez not prohibit acts of televised violence, and even actions are exaggerated by the media is anti with Chavez as a fault and responsibility Chavez. Despite the fact that they hide the fact that both Chavez and opposition supporters, at the time were equally subjected to sniper fire. At that time, dissident military officers expect Chavez to resign.
Coup
A decade before the coup, Hugo Chavez has formed a joint movement of a group of military officers named Simon Bolivar (the father of Latin American Independence). The policies of President Carlos Andres Perez raised petrol prices and tightening the waist of the mass protests of the people seem appropriate if "tool" was used immediately. Moreover, after considering the riots for three days (27 February 1989). Hundreds of people were killed. Many bodies remain unidentified in a tomb.
As could be delayed again, Lieutenant Colonel Hugo Chavez led about 5,000 soldiers to bloody coup on February 4, 1992 despite the failure to reap. Revolution in February by the Revolutionary Bolivarian Movement claimed the lives of 18 people were killed and 60 wounded. Chavez then gave himself up. He was then languishing in a military prison when his colleagues tried again to seize power nine months later.
The second coup attempt in September 1992 also failed. Hugo Chavez kept two months in prison. While in the
prison, he formed a party called the Movement of the Republic to-5 (Movement of the Fifth Republic) and make the transition from military to the politicians. After the rebels had taken control of a television station broadcast footage as well as Chavez was announcing the fall of the government in power, he was sentenced to prison for two years. Chavez then get a pardon.
Outside the prison, he launched his party as the Fifth Republic Movement and undergo a transition from the military to the political world.
Chavez, who led a coalition of leftist Patriotic Pole is clearly confirmed, following in the footsteps of legendary figures Argentina (Gen. Juan Peron), which is considered very concerned with social welfare, social justice, and equality.
48 Hours a dramatic
President Hugo Chavez resigned under pressure from military leaders of Venezuela in the early morning of Friday the 12th of April 2002. Dramatic military coup carried out against the president to develop a dilemma situation. A few hours after Chavez resign, Pedro Carmona was appointed as interim president (interim). However, the Attorney General Venezuela (Isaias Rodriguez) stating that the appointment of interim president Pedro Carmona was inskontitusional and insisted that Venezuela's President Hugo Chavez remains.
According to the Attorney General, the new president's official resignation after Congress received. Chavez resigned under pressure from military leaders. "Mr. President, first I was loyal to the bitter end. However, many deaths that occur, can not be tolerated, "said Efraim Vazguez General Velasco (Commander of the Armed Forces) in a speech on national television quoted the Indonesian press.
In the middle of the flow of international criticism of the actions a coup, the military appointed an economist named Pedro Carmona is one of the leaders of chambers of commerce. His inauguration as interim president, Carmona announced the immediate presidential election in a year. Congress also dissolved as a Chavez supporter. In one decree that declared the interim government also disclosed that the establishment of a Consultative Council comprises 35 members. They took over as president of the republic advisory body.
The decree also stipulates interim president will coordinate the transition of government policies and other necessary decisions to ensure policies, the central government and local authorities. The decree was invited much criticism. Mexican President Vicente Fox is expressly declared Venezuela does not recognize the new government until new elections held. Similarly, the leaders of Argentina and Paraguay said the new government illegitimate Venezuela.
The day after Hugo Chavez was deposed in a military coup and replaced by Pedro Carmona at the initiative of some military officers, Chavez re-confirmed as President of Venezuela (14 April 2002). Pedro Carmona is only occupied as interim president for a day and was forced to announce his resignation after the Attorney General said that the coup is not valid.
The success of Chavez back to power partly because the military was split. Carmona was supported in part general, but most of the soldiers and officers loyal to Chavez medium. In addition, among the poor even Chavez is so popular that when he was overthrown thousands of people rallied to Chavez reaffirmed as president. The action is marked by looting, dozens of people dead.
Hugo Chavez was arrested on the island of La Orchila by senior military and fly back to Caracas by helicopter and was hailed thousands of supporters. With clenched hands up, Chavez entered the Miraflores Presidential Palace which had retaken by his supporters. Meanwhile, Attorney General asserts that the ministers in the interim government arrested and a number of military officers on trial on charges of military rebellion, including their interim leader who was an economist named Pedro Carmona.
Referendum on August 8, 2004 in an attempt to overthrow President Hugo Chavez by the opposition re-done, but still won by Hugo Chavez with 58 percent of the vote. The victory made him overcome one of the biggest challenges in his administration and make it as a larger mandate to continue the "revolution for the poor" it.
In the legislative elections in December 2005, Chavez led the party managed to sweep clean all seats in parliament after opposition parties boycotted the election.
